Ринок праці: еволюційно-ретроспективний аспект наукових поглядів та сучасний контекст

Abstract

У статті узагальнено наукові погляди щодо визначення ринку праці в ретроспективі та на сучасному етапі. Обгрунтовано авторське розуміння сутності категорії «ринок праці» та значимість ефективного функціонування ринку праці у забезпеченні соціально-економічного розвитку національної економіки.

The article summarizes the scientific views on the definition of the labor market in the retrospective and at the present stage. The importance of effective functioning of the labor market in ensuring the socio-economic development of the national economy is substantiated. State regulation of the labor market should be aimed at creating optimal conditions in the labor market and ensuring its effective functioning. The nature of the category "labor market" is interpreted by the authors as a system of relations between its participants (the employee – with a certain set of knowledge, skills, competencies, wishes to the working conditions and the employer – with certain requests to the level of labor potential of the employee and certain conditions of work), which are composed in a certain period of time, in a certain place, in certain spheres of activity; due to national traditions, mentality, peculiarities of spheres of activity, migration processes, level of regulation, legislation of states, international law and interstate agreements (for workers who work outside of their country), their constancy or changes.